A Cross-Sectional Study Using the All of Us Research Program
ResearchPosted on rand.org Jun 11, 2025Published in: Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine, Volume 31, Number 6 (June 2025), pages 583-587. doi: 10.1089/jicm.2024.0769
Complementary and integrative health (CIH) therapies are gaining recognition. However, their utilization within the diverse All of Us (AoU) research program remains unexplored.
A cross-sectional study of AoU electronic health record and survey data compared characteristics of adult CIH users and nonusers. General linear models estimated factors associated with CIH.
A total of 3171 participants were CIH users (chiropractic or osteopathic manipulation, acupuncture, dietary modification, massage); they were more likely White and less likely Black with higher education versus nonusers. Education, insurance, sex, and race were associated with individual CIH modalities.
Low utilization was observed, and several factors associated with CIH were identified. Further research is needed to address data gaps.
This publication is part of the RAND external publication series. Many RAND studies are published in peer-reviewed scholarly journals, as chapters in commercial books, or as documents published by other organizations.
RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.
